Daily Current Affair Quiz: 27th July 2020
by
Mentors4ias
·
July 27, 2020
1. Which of the following statements are true?
1. Solar eclipse happens when the moon, while orbiting the Earth, comes in between the Sun and the Earth.
2. The lunar nodes are the two points where the Moon’s orbital path crosses the ecliptic, the Sun’s apparent yearly path on the celestial sphere.
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Ans: c
Justification:
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A lunar node is either of the two orbital nodes of the Moon, that is, the two points at which the orbit of the Moon intersects the ecliptic. The ascending node is where the Moon moves into the northern ecliptic hemisphere, while the descending node is where the Moon enters the southern ecliptic hemisphere.
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The Moon’s orbit around the Earth is tilted with relation to the Earth’s orbital plane by ~ 5 degrees two intersecting points called ‘Lunar nodes’. The nodes also rotate around the earth once in 18 years.
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Solar eclipse happens when the moon, while orbiting the Earth, comes in between the Sun and the Earth. It is a rare phenomena
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Depending on how much of the sun is blocked there are different types of Solar eclipse Total, Annular, Partial and Hybrid
2. The Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Science and Technology (SSB) is a science award in India given annually by
(a) CSIR
(b) ICAR
(c) NITI Ayog
(d) ISRO
Ans: a
Justification:
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The Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Science and Technology (SSB) is a science award in India given annually by the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) for notable and outstanding research, applied or fundamental, in biology, chemistry, environmental science, engineering, mathematics, medicine and physics.
3. Which of the following statement/s is/are true?
1. A lithium-ion battery or Li-ion battery is a type of rechargeable battery.
2. Lithium-ion batteries are commonly used for portable electronics and electric vehicles and are growing in popularity for military and aerospace applications.
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Ans: c
Justification:
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In the batteries, lithium ions move from the negative electrode through an electrolyte to the positive electrode during discharge, and back when charging. Li-ion batteries use an intercalated lithium compound as the material at the positive electrode and typically graphite at the negative electrode. The batteries have a high energy density, no memory effect (other than LFP cells) and low self-discharge.
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They can however be a safety hazard since they contain a flammable electrolyte, and if damaged or incorrectly charged can lead to explosions and fires. Samsung was forced to recall Galaxy Note 7 handsets following lithium-ion fires, and there have been several incidents involving batteries on Boeing 787s.
4. Which of the following statement/s is/are true?
1. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) protein is responsible for switching genes on and off in response to low oxygen levels in the cells.
2. Erythropoietin hormones plays a key role in the production of red blood cells.
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Ans: c
Justification:
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The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for 2019 was jointly awarded to William G. Kaelin, Sir Peter J. Ratcliffe, and Gregg L. Semenza, for ‘their discoveries on how cells sense and adapt to oxygen availability.’
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The discovery by scientists aims to identify the molecular machinery that regulates the activity of genes in response to varying levels of oxygen and understand how underlying cells adapt to such variations in oxygen supply.
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Gregg L. Semenza was awarded the Prize for the discovery of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) protein.
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This protein is responsible for switching genes on and off in response to low oxygen levels in the cells.
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Erythropoietin (EPO) is a hormone produced primarily by the kidneys. It plays a key role in the production of red blood cells (RBCs), which carry oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body. This test measures the amount of erythropoietin in the blood
5. Swarna Jayanti Fellowships is associated with
(a) Ministry of Science and Technology
(b) Ministry of Women and Child Development
(c) Ministry of Law and Justice
(d) Ministry of MSMEs
Ans: a
Justification:
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Swarna Jayanti Fellowships have been awarded to 14 Indian Scientists
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To commemorate India’s fiftieth year of Independence the fellowships were awarded
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A selected number of young scientists, with proven track record, are provided special assistance and support to enable them to pursue basic research in frontier areas of science and technology. It is scientist specific and not institution specific.
