Test 1: Environment (Previous year)

Previous year paper

1. Which of the following is/are examples of in-situ conservation?

1. 1. Government sets up vulture restaurants.

   2. Government sets up captive breeding facilities for vultures.

   3. Both A and B

   4. Neither A nor B

2. Consider the following pairs:

1. 1. Nokrek Bio-sphere Reserve : Garo Hills

   2. Logtak (Loktak) Lake : Barail Range

   3. Namdapha National Park : Dafla Hills

Which of the above pairs is/are correctly matched?

1. 1. 1 only

   2. 2 and 3 only

   3. 1, 2 and 3

   4. None

3. Consider the following pairs about parks and rivers passing through them:

1. 1. Corbett National Park: Ganga

   2. Kaziranga National Park: Manas

   3. Silent Valley National Park: Kaveri

Which of the above pairs is/are correctly matched?

1. 1. 1 and 2

   2. 3 only

   3. 1 and 3

   4. None

4. In which of the following States is lion-tailed macaque found in its natural habitat?

1. 1. Tamil Nadu

   2. Kerala

   3. Karnataka

   4. Andhra Pradesh

Select the correct answer using the codes given below.

1. 1. 1, 2 and 3 only

   2. 2 only

   3. 1, 3 and 4 only

   4. 1, 2, 3 and 4

5. Consider the following fauna of India:

1. 1. Gharial

   2. Leatherback turtle

   3. Swamp deer

Which of the above is/are endangered?

1. 1. 1 and 2 only

   2. 3 only

   3. 1, 2 and 3

   4. None

6. Consider the following

1. 1. Star tortoise

   2. Monitor lizard

   3. Pygmy hog

   4. Spider monkey

Which of the above found in India?

1. 1. 1, 2 and 3 only

   2. 2 and 3 only

   3. 1 and 4 only

   4. 1, 2, 3 and 4

7. Consider the following animals:

1. 1. Sea cow

   2. Sea horse

   3. Sea lion

Which of the above is/are mammal/mammals?

1. 1. 1 only

   2. 1 and 3 only

   3. 2 and 3 only

   4. 1, 2 and 3

8. Which of the following adds / add nitrogen to the soil?

1. 1. Excretion of urea by animals

   2. Burning of coal by man

   3. Death of vegetation

Select the correct answer using the codes given below.

1. 1. 1 only

   2. 2 and 3 only

   3. 1 and 3 only

   4. 1, 2 and 3

9. Acid rain is caused by the pollution of environment by

1. 1. carbon dioxide and nitrogen

   2. carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide

   3. ozone and carbon dioxide

   4. nitrous oxide and sulphur dioxide

10. Photochemical smog is a resultant of the reaction among

1. 1. NO₂, 0₃ and peroxyacetyl nitrate in the presence of sunlight

   2. CO, 02 and peroxyacetyl nitrate in the presence of sunlight

   3. CO, CO2 and N02 at low temperature

   4. High concentration of N02, O3 and CO in the evening

11. With reference to food chains in ecosystems, consider the following statements:

1. 1. A food chain illustrates the order in which a chain of organisms feed upon each other.

   2. Food chains are found within the populations of a species.

   3. A food chain illustrates the numbers of each organism which are eaten by others.

Which of the statements given above is / are correct?

1. 1. 1 only

   2. 1 and 2 only

   3. 1, 2 and 3

   4. None

12. Which one of the following terms describes not only the physical space occupied by an organism, but also its functional role in the community of organisms?

1. 1. Ecotone

   2. Ecological niche

   3. Habitat

   4. Home range

13. With reference to the food chains in ecosystems, which of the following kinds of organism is / are known as decomposer organism/organisms?

1. 1. Virus

   2. Fungi

   3. Bacteria

Select the correct answer using the codes given below.

1. 1. 1 only

   2. 2 and 3 only

   3. 1 and 3 only

   4. 1, 2 and 3

14. In the grasslands, trees do not replace the grasses as a part of an ecological succession because of

1. 1. insects and fungi

   2. limited sunlight and paucity of nutrients

   3. water limits and fire

   4. None of the above

15. Which one of the following is the correct sequence of ecosystems in the order of decreasing productivity?

1. 1. Oceans, lakes, grasslands, mangroves

   2. Mangroves, oceans, grasslands, lakes

   3. Mangroves, grasslands, lakes, oceans

   4. Oceans, mangroves, lakes, grasslands

16. Which one of the following is the process involved in photosynthesis?

1. 1. Potential energy is released to form free energy

   2. Free energy is converted into potential energy and stored

   3. Food is oxidized to release carbon dioxide and water

   4. Oxygen is taken, and carbon dioxide and water vapour are given out

17. Which of the following adds/add carbon dioxide to the carbon cycle on the planet Earth?

1. 1. Volcanic action

   2. Respiration

   3. Photosynthesis

   4. Decay of organic matter

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

1. 1. 1 and 3 only

   2. 2 only

   3. 1, 2 and 4 only

   4. 1, 2, 3 and 4

18. In India, the problem of soil erosion is associated with which of the following?

1. 1. Terrace cultivation

   2. Deforestation

   3. Tropical climate

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

1. 1. 1 and 2 only

   2. 2 only

   3. 1 and 3 only

   4. 1, 2 and 3

19. Lichens, which are capable of initiating ecological succession even on a bare rock, are actually a symbiotic association of

1. 1. algae and bacteria

   2. algae and fungi

   3. bacteria and fungi

   4. fungi and mosses

20. The most important strategy for the conservation of biodiversity together with traditional human life is the establishment of

1. 1. biosphere reserves

   2. botanical gardens

   3. national parks

   4. wildlife sanctuaries

21. With reference to ‘Eco-Sensitive Zones’, which of the following statements is/are correct?

1. 1. Eco-Sensitive Zones are the areas that are declared under the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972.

   2. The purpose of the declaration of Eco-Sensitive Zones is to prohibit all kinds of human activities, in those zones except agriculture.

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

1. 1. 1 only

   2. 2 only

   3. Both 1 and 2

   4. Neither 1 nor 2

22. Consider the following pairs

1. 1. Dampa Tiger Reserve : Mizoram

   2. Gumti Wildlife Sanctuary : Sikkim

   3. Saramati Peak : Nagaland

Which of the above pairs is /are correctly matched?

1. 1. 1 only

   2. 2 and 3 only

   3. 1 and 3 only

   4. 1, 2 and 3

23. Which of the following have coral reefs?

1. 1. Andaman and Nicobar Islands

   2. Gulf of Kutch

   3. Gulf of Mannar

   4. Sunderbans

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

1. 1. 1, 2 and 3 only

   2. 2 and 4 only

   3. 1 and 3 only

   4. 1, 2, 3 and 4

24. Consider the following:

1. 1. Bats

   2. Bears

   3. Rodents

The phenomenon of hibernation can be observed in which of the above kinds of animals?

1. 1. 1 and 2 only

   2. 2 only

   3. 1, 2 and 3

   4. Hibernation cannot be observed in any of the above

25. Which one of the following is the correct sequence of a food chain?

1. 1. Diatoms-Crustaceans-Herrings

   2. Crustaceans-Diatoms-Herrings

   3. Diatoms-Herrings-Crustaceans

   4. Crustaceans-Herrings-Diatoms

26. If you travel through the Himalayas, you are Likely to see which of the following plants naturally growing there?

1. 1. Oak

   2. Rhododendron

   3. Sandalwood

Select the correct answer using the code given below

1. 1. 1 and 2 only

   2. 3 only

   3. 1 and 3 only

   4. 1, 2 and 3

27. if you walk through countryside, you are likely to see some birds stalking alongside the cattle to seize the insects, disturbed by their movement through grasses, Which of the following is/are such bird/birds?

1. 1. Painted Stork

   2. Common Myna

   3. Black-necked Crane

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

1. 1. 1 and 2

   2. 2 only

   3. 2 and 3

   4. 3 only

28. Other than poaching, what are the possible reasons for the decline in the population of Ganges River Dolphins?

1. 1. Construction of dams and barrages on rivers

   2. Increase in the population of crocodiles in rivers

   3. Getting trapped in fishing nets accidentally

   4. Use of synthetic fertilizers and other agricultural chemicals in crop-fields in the vicinity of rivers

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

1. 1. 1 and 2 only

   2. 2 and 3 only

   3. 1, 3 and 4 only

   4. 1, 2, 3 and 4

29. In India, cluster bean (Guar) is traditionally used as a vegetable or animal feed, but recently the cultivation of this has assumed significance. Which one of the following statements is correct in this context?

1. 1. The oil extracted from seeds is used in the manufacture of biodegradable plastics

   2. The gum made from its seeds is used in the extraction of shale gas

   3. The leaf extract of this plant has the properties of anti-histamines

   4. It is a source of high quality biodiesel

30. With reference to technologies for solar power production, consider the following statemenrs:

1. 1. ‘Photovoltaics’ is a technology that generates electricity by direct conversion of light into electricity, while ‘Solar Thermal’ is a technology that utilizes the Sun’s rays to generate heat which is further used in electricity generation process.

   2. Photovoltaics generates Alternating Current (AC), while Solar Thermal generates Direct Current (DC).

   3. India has manufacturing base for Solar Thermal technology, but not for Photovoltaics.

Which of the statements given above is / are correct?

1. 1. 1 only

   2. 2 and 3 only

   3. 1, 2 and 3

   4. None

31. There is some concern regarding the nanoparticles of some chemical elements that are used by the industry in the manufacture of various products. Why?

1. 1. They can accumulate in the environment, and contaminate water and soil.

   2. They can enter the food chains.

   3. They can trigger the production of free radicals.

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

1. 1. 1 and 2 only

   2. 3 only

   3. 1 and 3 only

   4. 1, 2 and 3

32. Which of the following are some important pollutants released by steel industry in India?

1. 1. Oxides of sulphur

   2. Oxides of nitrogen

   3. Carbon monoxide

   4. Carbon dioxide

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

1. 1. 1, 3 and 4 only

   2. 2 and 3 only

   3. 1 and 4 only

   4. 1,2, 3 and 4

33. Brominated flame retardants are used in many household products like mattresses and upholstery. Why is there some concern about their use?

1. 1. They are highly resistant to degradation in the environment.

   2. They are able to accumulate in humans and animals.

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

1. 1. 1 only

   2. 2 only

   3. Both 1 and 2

   4. Neither 1 nor 2

34. With reference to ‘Global Environment Facility’, which of the following statements is/are correct?

1. 1. It serves as financial mechanism for ‘Convention on Biological Diversity’ and ‘United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change’.

   2. It undertakes scientific research on environmental issues at global level

   3. It is an agency under OECD to facilitate the transfer of technology and funds to underdeveloped countries with specific aim to protect their environment.

   4. Both (a) and (b)

35. If a wetland of international importance is brought under the ‘Montreux Record’, what does it imply?

1. 1. Changes in ecological character have occurred, are occurring or are likely to occur in the wetland as a result of human interference.

   2. The country in which the wetland is located should enact a law to prohibit any human activity within five kilo meters from the edge of the wetland

   3. The survival of the wetland depends on the cultural practices and traditions of certain communities living in its vicinity and therefore the cultural diversity therein should not be destroyed

   4. It is given the status of ‘World Heritage Site’

36. With reference to a conservation organization called Wetlands International’, which of the following statements is/are correct?

1. 1. It is an intergovernmental organization formed by the countries which are signatories to Ramsar Convention.

   2. It works at the field level to develop and mobilize knowledge, and use the practical experience to advocate for better policies.

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

1. 1. 1 only

   2. 2 only

   3. Both 1 and 2

   4. Neither 1 nor 2

37. Consider the following international agreements:

1. 1. The International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture

   2. The United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification

   3. The World Heritage Convention

Which of the above has / have a bearing on the biodiversity?

1. 1. 1 and 2 only

   2. 3 only,

   3. 1 and 3 only

   4. 1, 2. and 3

38. The scientific view is that the increase in global temperature should not exceed 2 °C above pre-industrial level. If the global temperature increases beyond 3°C above the pre-industrial level, what can be its possible impact/impacts on the world?

1. 1. Terrestrial biosphere tends toward a net carbon source

   2. Widespread coral mortality will occur.

   3. All the global wetlands will permanently disappear.

   4. Cultivation of cereals will not be possible anywhere in the world.

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

1. 1. 1 only

   2. 1 and 2 only

   3. 2, 3 and 4 only

   4. 1, 2, 3 and 4,

39. Consider the following statements:

1. 1. Animal Welfare Board of India is established under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986.

   2. National Tiger Conservation Authority is a statutory body.

   3. National Ganga River Basin Authority is chaired by the Prime Minister.

Which of the statements given above is/ are correct?

1. 1. 1 only

   2. 2 and 3 only

   3. 2 only

   4. 1, 2 and 3

40. With reference to Bombay Natural History Society (BNHS), consider the following statements :

1. 1. It is an autonomous organization under the Ministry of Environment and Forests.

   2. It strives to conserve nature through action-based research, education and public awareness.

   3. It organizes and conducts nature trails and camps for the general public.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1. 1. 1 and 3 only

   2. 2 only

   3. 2 and 3 only

   4. 1, 2 and 3

41. Consider the following statements regarding ‘Earth Hour’

1. 1. It is an initiative of UNEP and UNESCO.

   2. It is a movement in which the participants switch off the lights for one hour on a certain day every year.

   3. It is a movement to raise the awareness about the climate change and the need to save the planet.

Which of the statements given above is / are correct?

1. 1. 1 and 3 only

   2. 2 only

   3. 2 and 3 only.

   4. 1, 2 and 3

42. Every year, a month long ecologically important campaign/festival is held during which certain communities/ tribes plant saplings of fruit-bearing trees. Which of the following are such communities/tribes?

1. 1. Bhutia and Lepcha

   2. Gond and Korku

   3. lrula and Toda

   4. Sahariya and Agariya

43. Consider the following statements :

1. 1. The Planning Commission of India in its environment performance report, released on 26th July, 2012, ranked Himachal Pradesh as top State in the country on environmental performance index.

   2. The World Bank approved an 1100 crore rupees loan for Himachal Pradesh to promote green initiatives and sustain­able development in the State.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1. 1. 1 only

   2. 2 only

   3. Both 1 and 2

   4. Neither 1 nor 2

44. Green Muffler is

1. 1. a technology for reducing air pollution

   2. a method of afforestation

   3. plantation along roadsides to reduce noise pollution

   4. a process to reduce vibration

45. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1. 1. Ecomark Is a certification mark issued by the Bureau of Indian Standard for the product conforming to a set of standards, aimed at the least impact on Ecosystem.

   2. The purpose of the mark is in increase awareness among the consumers towards reducing environmental impact.

1. 1. 1 only

   2. 2 only

   3. Both 1 and 2

   4. Neither

46. Which one among the following not a greenhouse gas?

1. 1. Methane

   2. Ozone

   3. Chlorofluorocarbon

   4. Sulphur dioxide

47. Which one among the following is not a goal of National Action Plan for Climate Change?

1. 1. To promote the development and use of solar energy

   2. To reduce energy consumption through supply side management

   3. Afforestation of degraded forest lands

   4. Improvement in water-use efficiency through pricing and other measures

48. You placed a car in an open parking area in a summer day. After a few hours, you noticed that the heat is trapped inside the car. This phenomenon is known as

1. 1. ozone depletion

   2. greenhouse effect

   3. solar effect

   4. cosmic ray impingement

49. Which one among the statements is not correct?

1. 1. Eastern Himalayas and Western Ghats are the two biodiversity hot spots in India

   2. Central American lowland and highland forests are identified as biodiversity hot spots

   3. The biodiversity hot spots an mostly confined to the tropical and subtropical areas of  the world

   4. The South-East asian islands are not rich In biodiversity.

50. Which of the following statements about National Green Tribunal is/are correct?

1. 1. It is a specialized body equipped with the necessary expertise to handle environ­mental disputes involving multidisciplinary issues.

   2. The Tribunal shall be bound by the procedure laid down under the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908

1. 1. Only 1

   2. Only 2

   3. Both

   4. None

51. Consider these statements

1. 1. Creepers or climbers are commonly found in tropical rain forests

   2. Epiphytes, which donot have their roots in the ground, survive in the trees in tropical rain forest.

   3. All epiphytes are not creepers

Find correct statements.

1. 1. 1,2 and 3

   2. 2 and 3

   3. 1 and 2

   4. 3 only

52. How do marine animals survive in water, without air contact?

1. 1. They don’t require oxygen

   2. they take oxygen from water

   3. they only produce oxygen in their body

   4. they get oxygen from water plants

53. Which of the following is/are unique characteristic/characteristics of equatorial forests?

1. 1. Presence of tall, closely set trees with crowns forming a continuous canopy

   2. Coexistence of a large number of species

   3. Presence of numerous varieties of epiphytes

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

1. 1. 1 only

   2. 2 and 3 only

   3. 1 and 3 only

   4. 1, 2 and 3

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ANSWERS

1. 3

2. 1

3. 4

4. 1

5. 4

6. 1

7. 2

8. 3

9. 4

10. 1

11. 1

12. 2

13. 2

14. 3

15. 3 ( IN TERMS OF RATE) 4 ( IN TERMS OF AMOUNT)

16. 2

17. 3

18. 2

19. 2

20. 1

21. 4

22. 3

23. 1

24. 3

25. 1

26. 1

27. 2

28. 3

29. 2

30. 1

31. 4

32. 4

33. 3

34. 1

35. 1

36. 2

37. 4

38. 2

39. 2

40. 3

41. 3

42. 2

43. 3

44. 3

45. 3

46. 4

47. 2

48. 2

49. 4

50. 1

51. 1

52. 2

53. 4