ELEPHANTA ISLAND

NEWS: The Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) has unearthed a 1,500‑year‑old stepped reservoir on Elephanta Island, off the Mumbai coast.

Elephanta Island

• Located inàMumbai Harbour, Maharashtra.
• It is also known as Gharapuri (“City of Caves”).
• UNESCO Heritage SiteàElephanta Caves (5th century) are located on Elephanta Island.
• Features massive rock-cut sculptures dedicated to Lord Shiva is designated as UNESCO World Heritage site.
• Historic Portsà Originally comprised 3 key maritime localities
  • Morabandar, Rajbandar, and Shethbandar.
• Global Tradeà It served as an ancient hub linking India to Rome and Mesopotamia as early as the 2nd century CE.

Key Findings

• Stepped Reservoirà Reveal an advanced water management system essential for its role in maritime commerce.
• Estimated ageà 1,500 years.
• Built – Stone blocks ferried from the mainland.
• Water storage on rocky terrain with poor soil absorption.

Excavated Artifacts

• Brick structure (possibly a dyeing vat for textiles).
• Storage pot, terracotta figurines, glass & stone bangles.
• Stone anchors indicating maritime activity.
• 3,000 amphorae sherds (Roman‑style jars)+ torpedo jars from West Asia (Mesopotamia) – used for wine, oil, fish sauce.
• 60 silver, lead, and copper coins belonging to Krishnaraja (Kalachuri Dynasty).
• Coins of Krishnaraja – Kalachuri Dynasty (6th CE)
• Features – Obverse – Seated bull motif and Reverse – Temple symbol with legend “Sri Krishnaraja.”
• Confirms Kalachuri presence and influence in western India during this period.