SNIPPETS 23 APRIL 2026

Non-Deliverable Forwards (NDF): It is a cash-settled, over-the-counter (OTC) foreign exchange derivative, with no physical exchange of currencies at maturity+ Traded offshore, primarily in hubs like Singapore, Dubai, London, and New York+ Used to hedge or speculate on currencies from emerging markets that have capital controls or restricted liquidity.

Marine Spatial Planning: It is a public process of analyzing and allocating the spatial and temporal distribution of human activities in marine areas to achieve ecological, economic and social objectives+ Odisha becomes first state to launch MSP+ It signed an MoU with National Centre for Coastal Research, Ministry of Earth Sciences+ Boost Blue economy by enabling sustainable utilization of marine resource

Herfindahl–Hirschman Index (HHI): It is a measure of the dispersion of trade value across an exporter’s partners+ It is calculated as the sum of the squares of the share of each trade partner in total trade+ Higher HHI values indicate greater concentration, and lower diversification+ As per NITI Aayog’s Trade Watch Quarterly report, HHI for exports are falling indicating diversification, with declining concentration in both products and regions.