Swachh Bharat Mission- All you need to know

• Swachh Bharat Mission is a massive mass movement that seeks to create a Clean India by 2019.
• The father of our nation Mr. Mahatma Gandhi always puts the emphasis on swachhta as swachhta leads to healthy and prosperous life. Keeping this in mind, the Indian government has decided to launch the swachh bharat mission on October 2, 2014.
• The mission will cover all rural and urban areas.
• The urban component – by the Ministry of Urban Development,
• The rural component – by the Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation.

Swachh Bharat Mission for Urban Areas

• The programme includes
  1. elimination of open defecation,
  2. conversion of unsanitary toilets to pour flush toilets,
  3. eradication of manual scavenging,
  4. municipal solid waste management
  5. bringing about a behavioural change in people regarding healthy sanitation practices.
• The mission aims to cover 1.04 crore households, provide 2.5 lakh community toilets, 2.6 lakh public toilets, and a solid waste management facility in each town.
• Under the programme, community toilets will be built in residential areas where it is difficult to construct individual household toilets.
• Public toilets will also be constructed in designated locations such as tourist places, markets, bus stations, railway stations, etc.
• The programme will be implemented over a five-year period in 4,401 towns.
• The total assistance available for construction of an individual toilet is Rs 4000/- from the Central Government and an amount of Rs 1333/- at least from the State Government.
• However in the case of the North East States, the states are required to contribute only Rs 400/- per individual toilet.
• However, there is no bar on releasing any extra funds at any stage by the ULB/State Government through additional resources.

Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin)

• The Nirmal Bharat Abhiyan has been restructured into the Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin).
• The mission aims to make India an open defecation free country in Five Years.
• It seeks to improve the levels of cleanliness in rural areas through Solid and Liquid Waste Management activities and making Gram Panchayats Open Defecation Free (ODF), clean and sanitised.
• Under the mission, 1,34,000 crore rupees will be spent for construction of about 11 crore 11 lakh toilets in the country.
• Technology will be used on a large scale to convert waste into wealth in rural India in the forms of bio-fertilizer and different forms of energy.
• The mission is to be executed on war footing with the involvement of every gram panchayat, panchayat samiti and Zila Parishad in the country, besides roping in large sections of rural population and school teachers and students in this endeavor.
• Incentive as provided under the Mission for the construction of Individual Household Latrines (IHHL)
  • shall be available for all Below Poverty Line (BPL) Households and
  • Above Poverty Line (APL) households restricted to SCs/STs, small and marginal farmers, landless labourers with homestead, physically handicapped and women headed households.
• The Incentive amount provided under SBM(G) to Below Poverty Line (BPL) /identified APLs households shall be up to Rs.12,000 for construction of one unit of IHHL and provide for water availability, including for storing for hand-washing and cleaning of the toilet.
• Central Share of this Incentive for IHHLs shall be Rs.9,000/- (75%) from Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin).
• The State share will be Rs.3,000/-(25%).
• For North Eastern State, and Special category States, the Central share will be Rs. 10,800/- and the State share Rs.1,200/- (90% : 10%).
• The beneficiary is to be encouraged to additionally contribute in the construction of his/her IHHL to promote ownership.

Swachh Vidyalaya Abhiyan

• The Ministry of Human Resource Development has launched Swachh Vidyalaya Programme under Swachh Bharat Mission with an objective to provide separate toilets for boys and girls in all government schools within one year.
• The programme aims at ensuring that every school in the country must have a set of essential interventions that relate to both technical and human development aspects of a good Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Programme.
• The Ministry financially supports States/Union Territories inter alia to provide toilets for girls and boys in schools under Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA) and Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan (RMSA).

Rashtriya Swachhata Kosh

• The Swachh Bharat Kosh (SBK) has been set up to facilitate and channelize individual philanthropic contributions and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) funds to achieve the objective of Clean India (Swachh Bharat) by the year 2019.
• The Kosh will be used to achieve the objective of improving cleanliness levels in rural and urban areas, including in schools.
• The allocation from the Kosh will be used to supplement and complement departmental resources for such activities.
• To incentivise contributions from individuals and corporate, modalities are being considered to provide tax rebates where it is possible.

Swachhta Udyami Yojana

• The Swachhta Udyami Yojana extends financial assistance for
  • Construction, Operation and Maintenance of Pay and Use Community Toilets in Public Private Partnership (PPP) Mode and
  • Procurement and Operation of Sanitation related Vehicles.
• The Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment launched the Swachhta Udyami Yojana (SUY) on 02nd October 2014.
• Objectives: This Scheme has twin objective of cleanliness and providing livelihood to Safai Karamcharis and liberated Manual Scavengers to achieve the overall goal of “Swachh Bharat Abhiyan”