Q1. Consider the following statements:

1. The Medical Termination of Pregnancy (Amendment) Act, 2021 allows abortion up to 24 weeks for minors and rape survivors with guardian consent.
2. After 24 weeks, abortion is permitted only in cases of substantial foetal abnormalities certified by a Medical Board.
3. The Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act prohibits reporting of minor pregnancies to protect the victim’s privacy.
4. The Supreme Court of India can invoke Article 142 to allow abortion beyond statutory limits in exceptional cases.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

(A) 1, 2 and 4 only

(B) 1 and 3 only

(C) 2, 3 and 4 only

(D) 1, 2, 3 and 4

Q2. Consider the following statements regarding Cyborg Botany:

1. It involves integrating electronic components like sensors into plants.
2. It enables real-time monitoring of plant health and stress signals.
3. It replaces natural plant processes entirely with artificial systems.
4. It can support precision agriculture by improving resource efficiency.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

A) 1 and 2 only

B) 1, 2 and 4 only

C) 2 and 3 only

D) 1, 3 and 4 only

Q3. Consider the following statements:

1. Changi Naval Base is located in Singapore and provides direct access to the Strait of Malacca and South China Sea.
2. The India–Singapore Logistics Agreement allows Indian Navy to permanently station warships at Changi Naval Base.
3. Sabang Port is located in Indonesia near the entrance of the Strait of Malacca.
4. Port of Duqm in Oman strengthens India’s presence in the western Indian Ocean.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

A) 1 and 2 only

B) 1, 3 and 4 only

C) 2, 3 and 4 only

D) 1, 2, 3 and 4

Q4. Assertion (A): Expansion of biofuels in India is usually not automatically climate-friendly.

Reason (R): India faces constraints such as low oilseed productivity, land pressure, and potential risks to food security.

Options:

A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A

B. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A

C. A is true, but R is false

D. A is false, but R is true

Q1. Consider the following statements:

1. India’s first green methanol plant is being set up in Gujarat.
2. It uses Prosopis juliflora as a feedstock.
3. The plant is located at Mumbai Port Authority.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

A. 1 and 2 only

B. 2 and 3 only

C. 1 and 3 only

D. 1, 2 and 3

Q2. Consider the following statements:

1. Tapirs have a short, flexible snout used to grab food.
2. They are poor swimmers and avoid water bodies.
3. Fruits form a major part of their diet.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

A. 1 and 2 only

B. 2 and 3 only

C. 1 and 3 only

D. 1, 2 and 3

Q3. Assertion (A): India is facing a power shortage mainly during night-time hours.

Reason (R): Solar energy generation drops to zero after sunset, while demand remains high.

A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A ✅

B. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation

C. A is true, R is false

D. A is false, R is true

Q4. With reference to cervical cancer elimination, consider the following statements:

Persistent infection with Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is a major cause of cervical cancer.

The HPV vaccine provides complete protection against all strains of HPV causing cervical cancer.

Cervical cancer has a long precancerous phase, allowing early detection through screening methods like Pap smear.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 and 3 only

(b) 1 only

(c) 2 and 3 only

(d) 1, 2 and 3

Q1. Consider the following statements regarding OPEC:

1. It was established in 1960 at Baghdad.
2. Its headquarters is located in Geneva.
3. It aims to stabilize global oil prices.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

A. 1 only

B. 1 and 3 only

C. 2 and 3 only

D. 1, 2 and 3

Q2. Consider the following statements regarding SEED Scheme:

1. It was launched in 2022 by the Ministry of Social Justice & Empowerment.
2. It is a Centrally Sponsored Scheme.
3. It aims at economic empowerment of Denotified, Nomadic and Semi-Nomadic communities.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

A. 1 and 2 only

B. 1 and 3 only

C. 2 and 3 only

D. 1, 2 and 3

Q3. Consider the following statements regarding OPEC+:

1. OPEC+ was formed in 2016 as an extension of OPEC.
2. It includes both OPEC and non-OPEC countries.
3. All members of OPEC+ are from the Middle East region.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

A. 1 and 2 only

B. 2 and 3 only

C. 1 and 3 only

D. 1, 2 and 3

Q4. Consider the following statements regarding Pompeii:

1. Pompeii was an ancient Roman city located near present-day Naples.
2. It was destroyed by an earthquake in AD 79.
3. It was rediscovered in the 18th century.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

A. 1 and 3 only

B. 2 and 3 only

C. 1 and 2 only

D. 1, 2 and 3

Q1. Consider the following statements regarding trade unions in India:

1. All India Trade Union Congress was established before the enactment of the Trade Unions Act, 1926.
2. The peak influence of trade unions in India was observed during the 1950s–1970s due to strong public sector dominance.
3. The Industrial Relations Code, 2020 mandates at least 50% of workers for forming a trade union.
4. Informalisation of labour has contributed to the decline of trade unions in India.

Which of the above statements are correct?

A) 1, 2 and 4 only

B) 2 and 3 only

C) 1, 3 and 4 only

D) 1, 2, 3 and 4

Q2. Consider the following statements regarding the Nasha Mukt Bharat Abhiyaan (NMBA) 2.0 App:

1. It was launched in 2026 to enhance digital monitoring and community engagement for a drug-free India.
2. It is implemented under the National Action Plan for Drug Demand Reduction.
3. The app provides only institutional monitoring features and does not include citizen services.
4. It includes tools like e-pledge, helpline access, and de-addiction centre locator.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A) 1 and 2 only

B) 1, 2 and 4 only

C) 2 and 3 only

D) 1, 3 and 4 only

Q3. Consider the following statements regarding Libya:

1. Libya shares its western border with Algeria and Tunisia.
2. The Great Man-Made River Project supplies water from surface rivers.
3. Ghibli winds are cold winds blowing from the Mediterranean Sea.
4. India conducted Operation Safe Homecoming to evacuate its citizens from Libya.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A) 1 and 4 only

B) 1, 2 and 3 only

C) 2 and 3 only

D) 1, 3 and 4 only

Q4. Consider the following statements:

1. Traditional CAR-T cell therapy is less effective in solid tumours mainly because tumour cells express very low levels of target antigens.
2. The enzyme EZH2 increases the expression of tumour proteins like CD70, making them easier to detect.
3. The HIT receptor enables T-cells to detect even faint levels of cancer-related proteins.
4. HIT-based CAR-T therapy relies entirely on artificial signalling pathways unlike the body’s natural immune system.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A) 1 and 3 only

B) 1, 2 and 4 only

C) 2 and 4 only

D) 1, 3 and 4 only

Q1. Consider the following statements:

1. Around 70% of global Cocoa production comes from West Africa.
2. Ivory Coast and Ghana together produce about 60% of global cocoa.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A. 1 only

B. 2 only

C. Both 1 and 2

D. Neither 1 nor 2

Q2. Consider the following statements:

1. The Tenth Schedule was added to the Constitution by the 52nd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1985.
2. A legislator is disqualified if one-third of members of a political party defect.
3. Disqualification does not apply if at least two-thirds of members of a political party merge with another party.
4. The Speaker/Chairman of the House decides on disqualification cases under the Tenth Schedule.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

A.  1, 2 and 3 only

B. 1, 3 and 4 only

C. 2, 3 and 4 only

D. 1, 2 and 4 only

Q3. Consider the following statements:

1. The U.S. proposal to move marijuana from Schedule I to Schedule III legalises its recreational use at the federal level.
2. The NDPS Act, 1985 in India criminalises cannabis resin and flowers but excludes leaves and seeds from its definition.
3. State governments in India can permit cultivation of low-THC hemp for industrial purposes.
4. Penalties under the NDPS Act for cannabis possession are uniform regardless of quantity.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

A. 1 and 4 only

B. 2 and 3 only

C. 1, 2 and 3 only

D. 2, 3 and 4 only

Q4. Consider the following statements regarding the Konark Sun Temple:

1. The Konark Sun Temple was built during the reign of King Narasimhadeva I of the Eastern Ganga Dynasty.
2. It is constructed in the Dravidian style of temple architecture.
3. The temple is designed as a giant stone chariot with 24 wheels and seven horses.
4. It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1984.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

A. 1, 3 and 4 only

B. 1 and 2 only

C. 2 and 3 only

D. 1, 2, 3 and 4

Q1. Consider the following statements about Adi Shankaracharya:

1. He propounded the philosophy of Advaita Vedanta.
2. He believed that Atman and Brahman are fundamentally different.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A. 1 only

B. 2 only

C. Both 1 and 2

D. Neither 1 nor 2

Q2. With reference to uses of Uranium, consider the following:

1. Fuel for nuclear reactors
2. Production of medical isotopes
3. Use in armour-piercing ammunition (depleted uranium)

Which of the above are correct?

A. 1 and 2 only

B. 2 and 3 only

C. 1, 2 and 3

D. 1 only

Q3. Consider the following statements regarding the Promotion and Regulation of Online Gaming (PROG) Rules, 2026:

1. The Online Gaming Authority of India (OGAI) is established under the Ministry of Electronics and IT.
2. OGAI functions as a constitutional body.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A. 1 only

B. 2 only

C. Both 1 and 2

D. Neither 1 nor 2

Q4. Consider the following statements regarding the objectives of United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific:

1. It promotes regional cooperation to address issues like inequality and climate change.
2. It aims to guide countries in achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A. 1 only

B. 2 only

C. Both 1 and 2

D. Neither 1 nor 2

Q1. Consider the following statements regarding South Korea:

1. It shares its only land border with North Korea along the Demilitarized Zone (DMZ).
2. It is surrounded by the South China Sea to the west.
3. The Han River flows through Seoul.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

A. 1 and 3 only

B. 2 and 3 only

C. 1 and 2 only

D. 1, 2 and 3

Q2. Consider the following statements regarding India’s foodgrain stock:

1. India currently holds foodgrain stocks significantly higher than the prescribed buffer norms.
2. Buffer stock norms are fixed by the Finance Commission annually.
3. Buffer stock helps in stabilising food prices and ensuring supply during emergencies.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

A. 1 and 3 only 

B. 2 and 3 only

C. 1 and 2 only

D. 1, 2 and 3

Q3. With reference to 3D glass semiconductor technology, consider the following statements:

1. It relies on traditional silicon-based planar (2D) chip structures.
2. It enables vertical stacking of chip components for higher efficiency.
3. It integrates logic, memory, and sensors into a single compact unit.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

A. 1 only

B. 1 and 2 only

C. 2 and 3 only

D. 1, 2 and 3

Q4. Assertion (A): Illegal sand mining in riverbeds leads to increased flooding risk.

Reason (R): Removal of sand alters river flow patterns and destabilizes river channels.

A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A 

B. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation

C. A is true, but R is false

D. A is false, but R is true

Q1. Consider the following statements regarding India’s seafood exports:

1. Frozen shrimp accounts for less than half of India’s total seafood export earnings.
2. Growth in markets like China, the EU, and Southeast Asia helped offset the decline in exports to the U.S.
3. The National Traceability Framework was launched to strengthen sustainable and export-oriented fisheries.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

A. 1 and 2 only

B. 2 and 3 only

C. 1 and 3 only

D. 1, 2 and 3

Q2. Consider the following statements regarding industrial accidents in India:

1. The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 was enacted before the Bhopal Gas Tragedy.
2. Human errors, poor maintenance, and engineering flaws are among the key causes of industrial accidents.
3. The National Disaster Response Force (NDRF) is trained to handle Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear (CBRN) emergencies.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

A. 1 and 2 only

B. 2 and 3 only

C. 1 and 3 only

D. 1, 2 and 3

Q3. Consider the following statements regarding the India–Africa Forum Summit (IAFS):

1. The last India–Africa Forum Summit was held in 2015.
2. The summit focuses on strengthening trade, investment, and development cooperation between India and Africa.
3. The summit is organised annually by the United Nations.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

A. 1 and 2 only

B. 2 and 3 only

C. 1 and 3 only

D. 1, 2 and 3

Q4. With reference to NARIT-AI, consider the following statements:

1. It allows public users to access narcotics-related case databases.
2. It uses Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) technology with a curated legal database.
3. It can identify prosecution weaknesses and suggest defence rebuttals.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

A. 1 only

B. 1 and 2 only

C. 2 and 3 only

D. 1, 2 and 3

Q1. Consider the following statements about the Samriddh Gram Initiative:

1. It is an integrated phygital service delivery model designed by the Department of Telecommunications.
2. It is based on the broadband infrastructure of BharatNet.
3. It focuses only on providing internet connectivity without any service delivery.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A. 1 and 2 only

B. 2 only

C. 1 and 3 only

D. 1, 2 and 3

Q2. Consider the following statements:

1. Forest carbon stock includes only carbon stored in living trees.
2. Forest carbon stock includes carbon stored in biomass, dead wood, litter, and soil.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A. 1 only

B. 2 only

C. Both 1 and 2

D. Neither 1 nor 2

Q3. Assertion (A): Hanging glaciers in the Central Himalaya pose a significant risk of avalanches and floods.

Reason (R): Hanging glaciers are located on steep slopes and can detach suddenly due to lack of support.

A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A

B. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A

C. A is true, but R is false

D. A is false, but R is true

Q4. With reference to the Sundarbans and microplastic pollution, consider the following statements:

1. The Sundarbans is the world’s largest contiguous mangrove forest located at the confluence of the Ganga and Brahmaputra rivers.
2. Microplastics act as a significant natural carbon sink, enhancing the carbon sequestration efficiency of mangrove ecosystems.
3. Microplastics can release dissolved organic carbon (DOC), which promotes microbial growth and alters the carbon cycle.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A. 1 and 2 only

B. 1 and 3 only

C. 2 and 3 only

D. 1, 2 and 3

Q1. Consider the following statements about the G20 Satellite:

1. It is a proposed collaborative Earth observation satellite led by India.
2. It aims to provide shared data only to developing countries.
3. It will help in monitoring climate change indicators and pollution.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A. 1 and 3 only

B. 2 only

C. 1, 2 and 3

D. 1 only

Q2. Consider the following statements regarding Super El Niño:

1. It is defined by sea surface temperature anomalies of at least 2°C in the Niño 3.4 region.
2. It occurs every year due to global warming.
3. It is a rare and extreme climatic event.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A. 1 and 3 only

B. 1 only

C. 2 and 3 only

D. 1, 2 and 3

Q3. Consider the following statements:

1. The Meghalaya Official Languages Ordinance made Khasi and Garo the only official languages of Meghalaya.
2. Under the Meghalaya State Language Act, English was the sole official language.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A. 1 only

B. 2 only

C. Both 1 and 2

D. Neither 1 nor 2

Q4. Assertion (A): The closure of the Strait of Hormuz has exposed India’s vulnerability in ensuring fertilizer availability.

Reason (R): India is highly dependent on the Persian Gulf region, especially Gulf Cooperation Council countries, for both fertilizer imports and LNG used in domestic urea production.

Options:

A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A

B. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A

C. A is true, but R is false

D. A is false, but R is true

Q1. Genome India Project (GIP), launched by the Department of Biotechnology, primarily aims to:

A. Develop gene-editing tools for commercial agriculture

B. Create a global database of all human genomes

C. Build a comprehensive catalogue of genetic variations specific to the Indian population

D. Study only rare genetic diseases in tribal populations

Q2. Consider the following statements regarding India–South Korea relations:

1. Bilateral ties were elevated to a Special Strategic Partnership in 2015.
2. South Korea is among the top FDI investors in India.
3. India has a trade surplus with South Korea.
4. India and South Korea conduct joint exercises like Sahyog-Hyeoblyeog and IN-RoKN.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

A. 1 and 2 only

B. 1, 2 and 4 only

C. 2 and 3 only

D. 1, 3 and 4 only

Q3. Assertion (A): India and South Korea have strengthened cooperation in critical technologies and supply chains in recent years.

Reason (R): An Economic Security Dialogue mechanism has been established between the two countries.

Options:

A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A

B. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A

C. A is true, but R is false

D. A is false, but R is true

Q4. The AI Challenge for Early Detection of Cognitive Decline launched by the Centre for Brain Research primarily aims to:

A) Develop vaccines for Alzheimer’s disease

B) Promote pharmaceutical exports

C) Predict cognitive decline using AI models

D) Increase hospital infrastructure

Q5. Consider the following statements regarding India’s economy as per the IMF’s World Economic Outlook:

1. India is currently the 6th largest economy in the world by nominal GDP.
2. India ranks 3rd globally in terms of Purchasing Power Parity (PPP).
3. India has a higher per capita GDP than China and Sri Lanka.
4. India falls under the lower-middle-income category as per the World Bank classification.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

A) 1 and 2 only

B) 1, 2 and 4 only

C) 2 and 3 only

D) 1, 3 and 4 only

Q1. Consider the following statements regarding the BHAVYA Scheme (Bharat Audyogik Vikas Yojana):

1. It is implemented by the Ministry of Commerce and Industry through Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade.
2. The scheme aims to develop plug-and-play industrial parks with pre-built infrastructure and approvals.
3. It will be implemented directly by state governments without any institutional mechanism.
4. The scheme aligns with PM GatiShakti for improving multimodal connectivity.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

A) 1 and 2 only

B) 1, 2 and 4 only

C) 2 and 3 only

D) 1, 3 and 4 only

Q2. Assertion (A): The Petroleum and Natural Gas Regulatory Board initiative to develop LPG pipelines will enhance energy efficiency and reduce environmental impact.

Reason (R): Pipeline transportation of LPG is safer, more cost-effective, and can lead to lower greenhouse gas emissions compared to road transport.

Options:

A) Both A and R are correct, and R is the correct explanation of A

B) Both A and R are correct, but R is not the correct explanation of A

C) A is correct, but R is incorrect

D) A is incorrect, but R is correct

Q3. Consider the following statements regarding the River Basin Management Scheme:

1. It promotes a basin-level approach by treating entire river systems, including tributaries and groundwater, as a single unit.
2. The scheme is implemented under the Ministry of Jal Shakti and involves the National Water Development Agency for river interlinking projects.
3. The financial outlay for the scheme has decreased in the 2026–31 period compared to the previous cycle.
4. It incorporates modern technologies such as GIS, remote sensing, and LiDAR for basin planning.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

A) 1 and 2 only

B) 1, 2 and 4 only

C) 2, 3 and 4 only

D) 1, 3 and 4 only

Q4. Consider the following statements regarding Claude Mythos:

1. It is an advanced AI system developed by Anthropic for identifying software vulnerabilities.
2. It is freely accessible to the general public to promote open cybersecurity innovation.
3. It is part of the Project Glasswing aimed at strengthening defensive cyber capabilities.
4. It significantly reduces the time required to detect vulnerabilities compared to traditional manual methods.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

A) 1 and 2 only

B) 1, 3 and 4 only

C) 2, 3 and 4 only

D) 1, 2 and 3 only

Q5. Which of the following statements about the AI Centre of Excellence (AI-CoE) in Bengaluru is/are correct?

1. It will be established at the Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology.
2. It focuses on integration of Artificial Intelligence and Biotechnology.
3. It aims to strengthen research and startup ecosystems.
4. It is part of Karnataka’s push toward becoming a global deep-tech hub.

Options:

A) 1 and 2 only

B) 2 and 3 only

C) 1, 3 and 4 only

D) 1, 2, 3 and 4

Q1. Consider the following statements regarding Shahtoosh wool and Chiru:

1. Shahtoosh wool can be collected without harming the Tibetan antelope.
2. Trade in Shahtoosh shawls is banned under CITES.
3. The Tibetan antelope (Chiru) is listed under Schedule I of the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972.
4. The Wildlife Crime Control Bureau is responsible for controlling illegal wildlife trade in India.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

A. 1 and 2 only

B. 2 and 3 only

C. 2, 3 and 4 only

D. 1, 2, 3 and 4

Q2. Consider the following statements:

1. India and Austria launched an Institutional Cybersecurity Dialogue.
2. It aims at protecting digital infrastructure.
3. It focuses only on financial sector cybersecurity.

A. 1 and 2 only

B. 2 only

C. 1 and 3 only

D. 1, 2 and 3

Q3. Consider the following statements:

1. India’s first chip fabrication plant is located in Dholera, Gujarat.
2. It is being developed in a Special Economic Zone (SEZ).
3. It is India’s first semiconductor assembly unit.

A. 1 and 2 only

B. 2 and 3 only

C. 1 and 3 only

D. 1, 2 and 3

Q4. Assertion (A): Talks between India and Zambia on critical minerals have stalled.

Reason (R): Zambia has not assured mining rights to India after exploration.

A: Both A and R are true, and R is correct explanation

B: Both A and R are true, but R is NOT correct explanation

C: A is true, R is false

D: A is false, R is true

Q5. Which of the following statements about Lebanon is/are correct?

1. The capital of Lebanon is Beirut.
2. Lebanon shares land borders with Syria and Israel.
3. Lebanon is bordered by the Mediterranean Sea.
4. The highest peak of Lebanon is Qurnet al-Sawda.

Options:

A. 1 and 2 only

B. 1, 2 and 3 only

C. 2, 3 and 4 only

D. 1, 2, 3 and 4

Q1. Consider the following statements regarding MyLIC and Super Sales Saathi applications:

1. MyLIC enables customers to manage policies, make premium payments, and access claims-related services on a single platform.
2. Super Sales Saathi is designed to help LIC agents with digital sales, customer servicing, and performance tracking.
3. Both applications are exclusively meant for policyholders to purchase insurance online only

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A. 1 and 2 only

B. 2 and 3 only

C. 1 and 3 only

D. 1, 2 and 3

Q2. With reference to the operational challenges of labour reforms in India, consider the following statements:

1. The Industrial Relations Code allows firms with up to 300 workers to retrench employees without prior government approval.
2. The Code on Wages strictly defines a uniform national minimum wage based on the 2700-calorie norm.
3. The OSH Code’s applicability threshold excludes a large proportion of contract labourers from statutory benefits.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 and 2 only

(b) 2 and 3 only

(c) 1 and 3 only

(d) 1, 2 and 3

Q3. With reference to Universal Social Protection, consider the following statements:

1. Universal social protection includes benefits such as maternity protection, unemployment support, and old-age pensions.
2. Social protection systems are only meant for workers in formal employment with employer-employee relationships.
3. Gender-responsive social protection systems can help reduce labour market inequalities.
4. In India, welfare boards and sector-specific levies are used to extend social protection to informal sector workers.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) 1, 3 and 4 only

(b) 1 and 2 only

(c) 2, 3 and 4 only

(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4

Q4. Assertion (A): The recent West Asia conflict has led to a decline in coffee prices for Karnataka growers despite higher export volumes.

Reason (R): Export disruptions and reduced demand from key Gulf countries have negatively affected coffee prices.

Options:

(a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A

(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A

(c) A is true, but R is false

(d) A is false, but R is true

Q1. With reference to Rupee Depreciation, consider the following statements:

1. It makes Indian exports more competitive in global markets by lowering their dollar price.
2. It reduces the repayment burden of Indian companies having dollar-denominated loans.
3. It can contribute to higher retail inflation due to costlier imports.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

A) 1 and 2 only

B) 1 and 3 only

C) 2 and 3 only

D) 1, 2 and 3

Q2. With reference to the Constitution (131st Amendment) Bill, 2026 and the Delimitation Bill, 2026, consider the following statements:

1. The 131st Amendment Bill proposes to increase the strength of the Lok Sabha to 850 members.
2. The Bill mandates that delimitation can only be carried out after the 2026–27 Census.
3. The Delimitation Commission’s orders, once published, cannot be challenged in any court.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

A) 1 and 2 only

B) 1 and 3 only

C) 2 and 3 only

D) 1, 2 and 3

Q3. With reference to the e-SafeHER initiative, consider the following statements:

1. It is a cybersecurity awareness programme aimed at empowering rural women.
2. It is implemented by the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY).
3. It follows a peer-led model through “Cyber Sakhis” for community outreach.
4. It is part of the Information Security Education and Awareness (ISEA) framework.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

A) 1 and 2 only

B) 2 and 3 only

C) 1, 3 and 4 only

D) 1, 2, 3 and 4

Q4. Which of the following rivers is the longest and most important river flowing through Hungary?

A) Tisza River

B) Rába River

C) Dráva River

D) Danube Rive

Q5. Consider the following statements:

Assertion (A): The Ol Chiki script has played a crucial role in strengthening Santali cultural identity.

Reason (R): It was specifically designed as a fully phonetic script tailored to Santali speech patterns and to reduce dependence on foreign scripts.

Options:

A) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A

B) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A

C) A is true, but R is false

D) A is false, but R is true

Q1. Consider the following statements regarding Light Pollution:

1. Light pollution refers to excessive or misdirected artificial lighting.
2. The use of LED lights has completely reduced global night sky brightness.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

a) 1 only

b) 2 only

c) Both 1 and 2

d) Neither 1 nor 2

Q2. Consider the following:

1. TEC contributes to climate mitigation through forest conservation.
2. Traditional irrigation techniques in TEC often disrupt natural water flows.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

a) 1 only

b) 2 only

c) Both 1 and 2

d) Neither 1 nor 2

Q3. Consider the following statements regarding the Gaganyaan Mission:

1. The Human Rated Launch Vehicle (HLVM-3) is a modified version of LVM3 adapted for human spaceflight.
2. The Crew Module is responsible for providing life support systems and safe re-entry of astronauts.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

a) 1 only

b) 2 only

c) Both 1 and 2

d) Neither 1 nor 2

Q4. Assertion (A): Karnataka’s nutrition advisory for government events promotes millet-based foods and restricts processed and high-fat items to improve public health outcomes.

Reason (R): Millets and fresh foods are more nutrient-rich and support sustainable consumption compared to processed and high-fat foods.

Options:

A) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A

B) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A

C) A is true, but R is false

D) A is false, but R is true

Q5. Consider the following statements regarding Startup India Fund of Funds 2.0:

1. It directly invests in individual startups across India.
2. It aims to mobilize private capital by investing in SEBI-registered Alternative Investment Funds (AIFs).
3. The corpus of the fund is ₹10,000 crore spread across Finance Commission cycles.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

a) 2 and 3 only

b) 1 and 2 only

c) 1 and 3 only

d) 1, 2 and 3

Q1. Assertion (A): India’s approach to women empowerment has shifted from welfare-based intent to a structured, policy-driven model where women are key drivers of economic growth.

Reason (R): Large-scale initiatives like financial inclusion (Jan Dhan), SHGs, MUDRA loans, and Ujjwala Yojana have increased women’s participation in the formal economy and improved financial independence.

Options:

A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A

B. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A

C. A is true, but R is false

D. A is false, but R is true

Q2. Consider the following statements regarding rove beetles:

1. Rove beetles belong to one of the largest families of beetles with over 66,000 described species worldwide.
2. They are characterized by long wing covers that completely protect their abdomen.
3. They play an ecological role as decomposers and biological pest controllers.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A. 1 only

B. 1 and 3 only

C. 2 and 3 only

D. 1, 2 and 3

Q3. Consider the following statements regarding Keytruda:

1. It is an immunotherapy drug that works by inhibiting the PD-1 protein on T-cells to enhance immune response against cancer.
2. It functions by directly killing cancer cells through cytotoxic chemical action like traditional chemotherapy.
3. It helps prevent cancer cells from evading the immune system by blocking the PD-1 and PD-L1 interaction.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A. 1 and 3 only

B. 1 only

C. 2 and 3 only

D. 1, 2 and 3

Q4. Consider the following statements:

1. Karnataka increased fees for government quota engineering seats in private colleges by 10–15% for 2026–27.
2. There is no increase in fees for government engineering colleges for the same year.
3. The revised fee applies to CET quota seats, while COMED-K seats generally have higher fees.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A. 2 and 3 only

B. 1 and 2 only

C. 1 and 3 only

D. 1, 2 and 3

Q5. The traditional shifting cultivation practiced by Lanjia Saoras is called:

A. Jhum

B. Podu Chasa

C. Terrace Farming

D. Slash Mulch Farming

Q1. Consider the following statements about INS Aridhaman:

1. It is larger than INS Arihant.
2. It can carry more nuclear missiles than earlier submarines.

Which is correct?

A) 1 only

B) 2 only

C) Both

D) None

Q2. Consider the following statements about MSMEs:

1. They include manufacturing, processing, and service activities.
2. They are classified only based on turnover.

Which is correct?

A) 1 only

B) 2 only

C) Both

D) None

Q3. Consider the following regarding MSME classification (Budget 2025–26):

1. Micro enterprises have an investment limit of ₹2.5 crore.
2. Medium enterprises have turnover up to ₹500 crore.

A) 1 only

B) 2 only

C) Both

D) None

Q4. Consider the following statements:

1. The Madman Theory focuses on influencing perceptions.
2. It always requires actual military action.

A) 1 only

B) 2 only

C) Both

D) None

Q1. Assertion (A): Iran agreed to reopen the Strait of Hormuz temporarily.

Reason (R): Iran seeks to reduce global oil prices permanently.

A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation

B. Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation

C. A is true but R is false

D. A is false but R is true

Q2. Consider the following statements about MPC:

1. It was established under the RBI Act, 1934.
2. It was introduced through an amendment in 2016.
3. It is responsible for fiscal policy formulation.

Which of the above statements are correct?

A. 1 and 2 only

B. 2 and 3 only

C. 1 and 3 only

D. 1, 2 and 3

Q3. The Central Armed Police Forces (General Administration) Act, 2026 primarily deals with:

A. Operational deployment of armed forces

B. Administrative and service matters of CAPFs

C. Foreign policy coordination

D. Intelligence gathering

Q4. Consider the following:

1. Morabandar
2. Rajbandar
3. Shethbandar

These are associated with:

A. Gupta ports

B. Elephanta Island maritime sites

C. Harappan ports

D. Chola naval bases

Q1. With reference to renewable energy in India, consider the following statements:

1. Total renewable energy capacity in India has crossed 270 GW as of March 2026.
2. Large hydropower is classified under renewable energy in India’s total capacity count.
3. Bioenergy contributes more capacity than wind energy.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A. 1 only

B. 1 and 2 only

C. 2 and 3 only

D. 1, 2 and 3

Q2. Assertion (A): Space-Based Solar Power (SBSP) can provide continuous energy without interruption.

Reason (R): Solar energy collection in space is not affected by day-night cycles or weather conditions.

A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A

B. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A

C. A is true, but R is false

D. A is false, but R is true

Q3. Consider the following statements regarding World Health Day 2026:

1. It is celebrated on 7th April to mark the founding of the World Health Organization.
2. The theme for 2026 focuses on promoting traditional medicine over modern science.
3. It is linked to Sustainable Development Goal 3 on health and well-being.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A. 1 only

B. 1 and 3 only

C. 2 and 3 only

D. 1, 2 and 3

Q4. With reference to migrant labourers in India, consider the following statements:

1. Rising LPG prices have contributed to reverse migration by increasing the cost of living in urban areas.
2. The e-Shram Portal provides a national database and enables access to multiple welfare schemes for unorganised workers.
3. One Nation One Ration Card allows migrants to access subsidised food only in their home states.
4. Pradhan Mantri Shram Yogi Maandhan Yojana provides a fixed pension to unorganised workers after the age of 60.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

A. 1 and 2 only

B. 1, 2 and 4 only

C. 2, 3 and 4 only

D. 1, 3 and 4 only

Q1. Consider the following statements regarding COP33 and its venue selection:

1. COP venue rotates among five UN regional groups.
2. If no country volunteers, the COP is held in Geneva.
3. The selected country must be approved through a formal COP decision.
4. The UNFCCC Secretariat directly selects the host country without regional consultation.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A) 1 and 3 only

B) 1, 2 and 3 only

C) 2 and 4 only

D) 1, 3 and 4 only

Q2. Consider the following provisions:

1. Article 21 protects life and liberty
2. Article 22 mandates production before magistrate within 24 hours
3. Article 20 allows forced confession

Correct answer:

A) 1 and 2 only

B) 2 and 3 only

C) 1 and 3 only

D) All

Q3. Consider the following statements regarding tar balls:

1. Tar balls are formed from weathered crude oil after evaporation of lighter hydrocarbons.
2. They are mainly caused only by natural processes like seabed seepage.
3. Tar balls can harm marine ecosystems and coastal livelihoods.
4. Indian Coast Guard is responsible for monitoring tar ball pollution.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A) 1, 3 and 4 only

B) 1 and 3 only

C) 2 and 4 only

D) 1, 2, 3 and 4

Q4. Majority of premature NCD deaths occur in:

A) High-income countries

B) Low- and middle-income countries

C) Developed nations only

D) Europe only

Q1. Assertion (A): Climate change is a public health emergency.

Reason (R): It worsens existing diseases and creates new health risks.

A. Both A and R are true, and R explains A

B. Both A and R are true, but R does not explain A

C. A is true, R is false

D. A is false, R is true

Q2. Customs duty is primarily:

A. Income tax

B. Tax on production

C. Tax on imports/exports

D. Tax on services

Q3. Consider the following statements:

1. Project Chetak maintains over 4,000 km of roads.
2. It operates only in mountainous regions.
3. It includes Ditch Cum Bund (DCB) construction.

Which are correct?

A. 1 and 2 only

B. 1 and 3 only

C. 2 and 3 only

D. All

Q4. Consider the following statements about COP:

1. It is an annual meeting.
2. It deals with climate policies and negotiations.
3. It is conducted by the World Bank.

Which are correct?

A. 1 and 2 only

B. 2 and 3 only

C. 1 and 3 only

D. All

Q1. With reference to Appemidi mango, consider the following statements:

1. It is a cultivated orchard variety widely grown across India.
2. It is native to river valleys of Uttara Kannada and Shivamogga districts.
3. It is known for its strong sourness and is ideal for pickling.
4. In-situ conservation has been found more effective for its preservation.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

A) 1 and 2 only

B) 2 and 3 only

C) 2, 3 and 4 only

D) 1, 2, 3 and 4

Q2. With reference to the proposed ‘Crocodile & Snake Patrols’ by the Border Security Force, consider the following statements:

1. The initiative aims to use reptiles as natural deterrents along difficult riverine stretches of the India–Bangladesh border.
2. The entire India–Bangladesh border has already been completely fenced.
3. The proposal is primarily driven by geographical challenges such as flood-prone and riverine terrain.
4. The use of reptiles raises ecological and safety concerns.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

A) 1 and 2 only

B) 1, 3 and 4 only

C) 2 and 3 only

D) 1, 2, 3 and 4

Q3. With reference to Hectocotylus in octopuses, consider the following statements:

1. It is a specialised reproductive arm found only in female octopuses.
2. It functions solely to transfer sperm during mating.
3. It also acts as a sensory organ capable of detecting chemical signals.
4. The CRT1 receptor is involved in triggering mating behaviour by detecting progesterone.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

A) 1 and 2 only

B) 3 and 4 only

C) 2, 3 and 4 only

D) 1, 2, 3 and 4

Q4. Assertion (A): The WTO is weakening due to rising unilateralism and lack of consensus among member countries.

Reason (R): The failure to extend the e-commerce moratorium and emergence of plurilateral agreements have created parallel trade systems.

Options:

A) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A

B) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A

C) A is true, but R is false

D) A is false, but R is true

Q1. Which of the following best describes the Open General Export Licence (OGEL)?

A. Export of defence goods only after parliamentary approval

B. Export without any restrictions

C. Pre-approved export of specific items without transaction-wise clearance

D. Export only through DPSUs

Q2. Which of the following is/are correct regarding GLP-1 drugs?

1. They stimulate insulin release
2. They slow gastric emptying
3. They increase appetite

A. 1 and 2 only

B. 2 and 3 only

C. 1 and 3 only

D. 1, 2 and 3

Q3. Which of the following movements did Babu Jagjivan Ram participate in?

1. Civil Disobedience Movement
2. Quit India Movement
3. Non-Cooperation Movement

A. 1 and 2 only

B. 2 and 3 only

C. 1 and 3 only

D. 1, 2 and 3

Q4. Consider the following statements regarding the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (Amendment) Bill, 2025:

1. It introduces frameworks for group and cross-border insolvency.
2. It eliminates the role of Committee of Creditors (CoC).
3. It aims to address procedural delays and recovery uncertainties.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A. 1 only

B. 2 only

C. 1 and 3 only

D. 1, 2 and 3

Q1. Assertion (A): India is promoting PNG to reduce its energy import dependence.

Reason (R): Around 60% of India’s LPG requirement is imported.

Options:

A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A

B. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A

C. A is true, but R is false

D. A is false, but R is true

Q2. ATOMS4NETZERO initiative is launched by which organization?

A. World Bank

B. International Atomic Energy Agency

C. United Nations Environment Programme

D. International Energy Agency

Q3. Consider the following statements about INS Aridaman:

1. It is a nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarine (SSBN).
2. It is less advanced than INS Arihant.
3. It enhances India’s second-strike capability.

Which of the statements are correct?

A. 1 and 2 only

B. 1 and 3 only

C. 2 and 3 only

D. 1, 2 and 3

Q4. ‘Kar Saathi’ is:

A. A scheme for corporate tax reduction

B. An AI-enabled taxpayer assistance platform

C. A portal for GST compliance

D. A subsidy program for taxpayers

Q1. Consider the following statements about YUVIKA:

1. It is implemented by the Department of Science and Technology.
2. It is meant for undergraduate students in engineering fields.
3. It is a residential programme conducted at ISRO centres.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A) 1 and 2 only

B) 2 and 3 only

C) 3 only

D) 1, 2 and 3

Q2. Consider the following statements about Special Economic Zones (SEZs):

1. SEZs are treated as domestic territory for trade and customs purposes.
2. SEZs are governed by the SEZ Act, 2015.
3. SEZs are duty-free enclaves treated as foreign territory for trade operations.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A) 1 only

B) 2 only

C) 3 only

D) 1, 2 and 3

Q3. Consider the following statements regarding internet shutdowns (2025 report):

1. 2025 recorded the highest number of internet shutdowns globally.
2. India recorded the highest number of shutdowns globally.
3. India had the highest number of shutdowns among democracies.

Options:

A) 1 and 2 only

B) 1 and 3 only

C) 2 and 3 only

D) 1, 2 and 3

Q4. Consider the following statements regarding Sadhna Saptah 2026:

1. It is a week-long capacity-building programme for civil servants.
2. It is aligned with the vision of Mission Karmayogi.
3. It is implemented by the Ministry of Finance.

Options:

A. 1 and 2 only

B. 2 and 3 only

C. 1 only

D. 1, 2 and 3

Q5. Consider the following statements about Raja Ravi Varma:

1. He is known as the father of modern Indian art.
2. He combined European techniques with Indian themes.
3. He primarily used miniature painting style.

Options:

A) 1 and 2 only

B) 2 and 3 only

C) 1 only

D) 1, 2 and 3

Q1. Consider the following statements about the Snowy Owl:

1. The scientific name of Snowy Owl is Bubo scandiacus.
2. It is native only to Antarctica.
3. It migrates to southern regions during winter.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A) 1 only

B) 1 and 3 only

C) 2 and 3 only

D) 1, 2 and 3

Q2. Consider the following statements regarding eGramSwaraj:

1. It is a unified web portal and mobile application developed by the Ministry of Panchayati Raj.
2. It facilitates preparation and monitoring of Gram Panchayat Development Plans (GPDP).
3. It is exclusively used for urban local bodies.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A) 1 and 2 only

B) 2 and 3 only

C) 1 only

D) 1, 2 and 3

Q3. Consider the following statements regarding SabhaSaar:

1. It is an AI-enabled tool for voice-to-text meeting summarisation.
2. It is integrated with BHASHINI for multilingual support.
3. It operates under the Ministry of Panchayati Raj only.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A) 1 and 2 only

B) 1 only

C) 2 and 3 only

D) 1, 2 and 3

Q4. Consider the following statements regarding ‘MAATI-9’ Festival:

1. It is a cultural festival of the Purvanchal region.
2. It is organised as part of the Purvanchal Mahotsav.
3. It is organised by UNESCO to promote intangible heritage.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A) 1 only

B) 2 only

C) 1 and 2 only

D) 1, 2 and 3

Q5. Consider the following statements regarding Artemis II Mission:

1. It is the first crewed mission under NASA’s Artemis program.
2. The mission includes landing astronauts on the lunar surface.
3. It aims to test the Space Launch System (SLS) and Orion spacecraft with humans onboard.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A) 1 only

B) 1 and 3 only

C) 2 and 3 only

D) 1, 2 and 3

Q1. Consider the following statements:

1. The number of LWE-affected districts declined from 126 in 2014 to about 7 by 2026.
2. All remaining “most affected” districts are located in Maharashtra.
3. Annual deaths due to LWE dropped by about 90% between 2010 and 2025.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A) 1 and 2 only

B) 2 and 3 only

C) 1 and 3 only

D) 1, 2 and 3

Q2. Consider the following statements:

1. Shyamji Krishna Varma was primarily active in India during the freedom struggle.
2. He founded the Indian Home Rule Society in London.
3. He established India House as a hub for Indian revolutionaries.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A) 1 and 2 only

B) 2 and 3 only

C) 1 and 3 only

D) 1, 2 and 3

Q3. Consider the following statements:

1. The Nagoya Protocol is a supplementary agreement to the Convention on Biological Diversity.
2. It deals with climate change mitigation targets under the UNFCCC.
3. It ensures fair and equitable sharing of benefits from genetic resources.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A) 1 and 3 only

B) 2 only

C) 1 and 2 only

D) 1, 2 and 3

Q4. Consider the following statements:

1. The Nagoya Protocol is a supplementary agreement to the Convention on Biological Diversity.
2. It deals with climate change mitigation targets under the UNFCCC.
3. It ensures fair and equitable sharing of benefits from genetic resources.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A) 1 and 3 only

B) 2 only

C) 1 and 2 only

D) 1, 2 and 3

Q5. Which of the following statements is correct?

A) INS Dunagiri is designed only for anti-submarine warfare

B) It is a multi-mission platform capable of air, surface and sub-surface warfare

C) It operates only in coastal waters

D) It has zero indigenous content

Q1. Consider the following statements regarding the SRY gene:

1. The SRY gene is located on the X chromosome.
2. It triggers the development of testes and male characteristics.
3. It was discovered in 1990 by Andrew Sinclair.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A) 1 only

B) 2 and 3 only

C) 1 and 2 only

D) 1, 2 and 3

Q2. With reference to the new policy by the International Olympic Committee, consider the following statements:

1. SRY gene screening is mandatory for all female athletes at every level of sports.
2. The test is generally required only once in an athlete’s career.
3. Refusal to undergo testing leads to disqualification from IOC events.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A) 2 and 3 only

B) 1 and 2 only

C) 1 and 3 only

D) 1, 2 and 3

Q3. Consider the following statements about the Red-crowned Roofed Turtle:

1. It belongs to the genus Batagur.
2. It is endemic to South India.
3. It is found mainly in large flowing river systems with sandy nesting banks.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A) 1 only

B) 1 and 3 only

C) 2 and 3 only

D) 1, 2 and 3

Q4. Consider the following statements about the Red-crowned Roofed Turtle:

1. It belongs to the genus Batagur.
2. It is endemic to South India.
3. It is found mainly in large flowing river systems with sandy nesting banks.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A) 1 only

B) 1 and 3 only

C) 2 and 3 only

D) 1, 2 and 3

Q1. Consider the following statements about the Jnanpith Award:

1. It is India’s highest literary award.
2. It is awarded for a single best work published in a year.
3. It recognizes contributions in languages listed in the Eighth Schedule and English.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A. 1 only

B. 1 and 3 only

C. 2 and 3 only

D. 1, 2 and 3

Q2. Consider the following statements about Vayu Baan Project:

1. It is India’s first helicopter-launched drone system.
2. It is developed by the Indian Navy.
3. It can function as both a surveillance platform and a kamikaze drone.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A. 1 and 3 only

B. 2 only

C. 1 and 2 only

D. 1, 2 and 3

Q3. Assertion (A): Recognizing paternity leave as a social security benefit can promote gender equality in caregiving.

Reason (R): Traditionally, caregiving responsibilities have been disproportionately assigned to mothers.

A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A

B. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A

C. A is true, but R is false

D. A is false, but R is true

Q4. Consider the following statements regarding Payments Vision 2028:

1. It is released by the Reserve Bank of India.
2. It focuses only on expanding the reach of digital payments in India.
3. It aims to build a secure, interoperable, and resilient payment ecosystem.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A. 1 and 2 only

B. 1 and 3 only

C. 2 and 3 only

D. 1, 2 and 3

Q5. Consider the following statements regarding Neoloboptera peninsularis:

1. It is a newly discovered species of butterfly found in Maharashtra.
2. It was identified by the Zoological Survey of India.
3. It is found in habitats such as palm shrubs and dry leaf litter near farmland.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A. 2 and 3 only

B. 1 and 2 only

C. 1 and 3 only

D. 1, 2 and 3